Neuromyelitis optica and multiple sclerosis: Seeing differences through optical coherence tomography

2015 | review. A publication with affiliation to the University of Göttingen.

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​Neuromyelitis optica and multiple sclerosis: Seeing differences through optical coherence tomography​
Bennett, J. L.; de Seze, J.; Lana-Peixoto, M. A.; Palace, J.; Waldman, A.; Schippling, S.& Tenembaum, S. N. et al.​ (2015)
Multiple Sclerosis Journal, 21​(6) pp. 678​-688​.​
Sage Publications Ltd. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1352458514567216 

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Authors
Bennett, Jeffrey L.; de Seze, Jerome; Lana-Peixoto, Marco A.; Palace, Jacqueline; Waldman, A.; Schippling, Sven; Tenembaum, Silvia N.; Banwell, Brenda; Greenberg, B.; Levy, Michael; Fujihara, Kazuo; Chan, Koon Ho; Kim, Ho Jin; Asgari, Nasrin; Sato, Douglas; Saiz, Albert; Wuerfel, J.; Zimmermann, Heike; Green, A.; Villoslada, Pablo; Paul, Friedemann; Iorio, Raffaele; Wuerfel, Jens; Cabre, Philippe; Marignier, Romain; Chitnis, Tanuja; Klawiter, Eric C.; Wingerchuk, Dean M.; Weinshenker, Brian G.; Pandit, Lekha; Leite, Maria Isabel; Simon, Jack; Apiwattanakul, Metha; Kleiter, Ingo; Broadley, Simon; Prayoonwiwat, Naraporn; Han, May; Hellwig, Kerstin; van Herle, Katja; John, Gareth R.; Hooper, D. Craig; Nakashima, Ichiro; Bichuetti, Denis; Yeaman, Michael R.; Waubant, Emmanuelle; Zamvil, Scott S.; Smith, Terry K.; Stuve, Olaf; Greenberg, Benjamin; Aktas, Orhan; Jacob, Anu; O'Connor, Kevin
Abstract
Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease of the central nervous system that preferentially targets the optic nerves and spinal cord. The clinical presentation may suggest multiple sclerosis (MS), but a highly specific serum autoantibody against the astrocytic water channel aquaporin-4 present in up to 80% of NMO patients enables distinction from MS. Optic neuritis may occur in either condition resulting in neuro-anatomical retinal changes. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has become a useful tool for analyzing retinal damage both in MS and NMO. Numerous studies showed that optic neuritis in NMO typically results in more severe retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell layer thinning and more frequent development of microcystic macular edema than in MS. Furthermore, while patients' RNFL thinning also occurs in the absence of optic neuritis in MS, subclinical damage seems to be rare in NMO. Thus, OCT might be useful in differentiating NMO from MS and serve as an outcome parameter in clinical studies.
Issue Date
2015
Status
published
Publisher
Sage Publications Ltd
Journal
Multiple Sclerosis Journal 
ISSN
1477-0970; 1352-4585
Sponsor
NEI NIH HHS [R01 EY022936]; NINDS NIH HHS [K08 NS078555, K23 NS069806]

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